But does the No-Cloning Theorem pertain? I think not: you can simultaneously detect all four possible states by using a mirror-vampire. That would give you a reflected R-photon iff an R-photon or photon was incident and a passed-through S-photon iff an S-photon or photon was incident.
Ah! How about you also transmit information in the polarisation of the light? Either as well as the vampireness of the photon, or just use polarised S (or R) photons. Then you can't use a vampire to split the light and get the polarity, because R and S photons don't split.
(Unless there are nestedly RRRSR-photons, but I think we thought Rness and Sness are idempotent...)
Ah! How about you also transmit information in the polarisation of the light? Either as well as the vampireness of the photon, or just use polarised S (or R) photons. Then you can't use a vampire to split the light and get the polarity, because R and S photons don't split.
(Unless there are nestedly RRRSR-photons, but I think we thought Rness and Sness are idempotent...)